فراتحلیل نقش زیرساخت‌های سبز بر پایداری خدمات اکوسیستم شهری در کلان‌شهرتهران

آهنگری, نوید; یاوری, اسما

doi:10.22034/jprd.2025.68306.1220

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی و پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

² دانشجوی دکتری شهرسازی، پردیس بین الملل تهران جنوب، تهران، ایران

10.22034/jprd.2025.68306.1220

چکیده

زیرساخت سبز و خدمات اکوسیستم به‌عنوان مفاهیمی با ظرفیت ارتقای برنامه‌ریزی محیطی در مناطق شهری مطرح هستند، زیرا درک جامع‌تری از روابط پیچیده و پویای نظام‌های اجتماعی‌-بوم‌شناختی ارائه می‌دهند.این پژوهش با هدف فراتحلیل نقش زیرساخت‌های سبز بر پایداری خدمات اکوسیستم شهری در کلان‌شهر تهران انجام شده است. روش پژوهش، کاربردی و توصیفی-تحلیلی و به‌صورت ترکیبی از مرور نظام‌مند و تحلیل مسیر است.مرور نظام‌مند با تحلیل کتاب‌سنجی مقاله‌های مرتبط طی سال‌های ۱۹۹۵ تا ۲۰۲4 با استفاده از نرم‌افزار VOSviewer انجام شد. در بخش تحلیل مسیر، از نرم‌افزار SMARTPLS استفاده گردید. جامعه آماری شامل خبرگان حوزه زیرساخت‌های سبز و خدمات اکوسیستم شهری بوده که با نمونه‌گیری هدفمند به روش کوکران، ۹۶ نفر انتخاب شدند. نتایج مرور نظام‌مند نشان داد که روند زمانی انتشار مقالات از ۱۹۹۵ تا ۲۰۲4 بیانگر رشد چشمگیر توجه به زیرساخت سبز، خدمات اکوسیستم و مسائل شهری، به‌ویژه پس از ۲۰۰۵ است. تحلیل هم‌نویسندگی کشورها نیز نشان‌دهنده رهبری علمی آمریکا، آلمان و بریتانیا در این حوزه‌هاست؛ در حالی که واژه‌های کلیدی خدمات اکوسیستم و زیرساخت سبز، محور اصلی مطالعات علمی به شمار می‌روند. نتایج مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری نشان داد همه مسیرهای اثرگذاری زیرساخت سبز بر خدمات اکوسیستم شهری در سطح اطمینان ۹۵ درصد معنادارند؛ ضریب معناداری شبکه‌سازی فضایی‌ 170/5، کارکردهای چندگانه‌ 183/2، برنامه‌ریزی راهبردی‌ 177/3، کیفیت اکولوژیکی 546/2، پیوند با رفاه انسانی 555/2 و زیرساخت سبز شهری 441/5 است. بنابراین، با توجه به نقش مهم زیرساخت‌های سبز در پایداری خدمات اکوسیستم شهری، سیاست‌گذاران باید به توسعه و تقویت این زیرساخت‌ها در راستای ایجاد شهرهای پایدارتر توجه ویژه داشته باشند

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

برنامه ریزی شهری

عنوان مقاله [English]

Meta-Analysis of the Role of Green Infrastructure in the Sustainability of Urban Ecosystem Services in Tehran Metropolis

نویسندگان [English]

NAVID AHANGARI ¹
Asma Yavari ²

¹ Ph.D. in Geography and Urban Planning, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

² PhD student of Urbanization, South Tehran International Campus, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction
In recent decades, the rapid and accelerating trend of urbanization, characterized by the physical concentration of populations in limited areas and the destruction of natural landscapes, has led to high population density, increased conflicts between humans and urban infrastructure, resulting in environmental inequalities and a decline in urban quality of life. This trend has exerted additional pressure on urban ecosystems, altering their structure and function and reducing vital ecosystem services, which not only threatens the health and livelihoods of urban residents but also poses significant challenges to sustainable development. Under such conditions, the concept of ecosystem services—referring to the benefits that nature provides to humans—has emerged as a key approach in urban environmental decision-making, paving the way for innovative solutions such as green infrastructure. Green infrastructure, as a comprehensive and multidimensional approach utilizing natural processes to enhance urban environmental quality, encompasses a network of ecological resources and corridors that, while strengthening the flow of ecosystem services, help mitigate adverse effects of urbanization, including urban heat islands, stormwater runoff, and air pollution, thereby promoting the health and well-being of inhabitants. In megacity Tehran, which faces challenges such as unplanned physical growth, decreasing per capita green space, and uneven distribution of ecosystem services, developing green infrastructure as a network at multiple scales can strengthen ecological linkages and facilitate the achievement of urban sustainability. Therefore, the present study aims to comprehensively review the scientific literature on the role of green infrastructure in sustaining urban ecosystem services in Tehran.
Materials and Methods
This study employs a mixed-methods approach, integrating meta-analysis, systematic review, and path analysis, with applied and descriptive-analytical objectives. In the first phase, bibliometric analysis of 9,846 articles related to the keywords “green infrastructure,” “ecosystem services,” and “cities” in three search combinations was conducted using VOSviewer software and Scopus database. The combinations included “green infrastructure and cities” (3,485 articles), “ecosystem services and cities” (5,511 articles), and “green infrastructure, ecosystem services, and cities” (850 articles). The coefficients of determination (R²) for publication trends in each combination were 0.87, 0.91, and 0.78 respectively, indicating significant research growth. In the second phase, five components of urban green infrastructure were selected as independent variables, and five components of urban ecosystem services as dependent variables; their relationships were examined through path analysis. The statistical population comprised 96 experts including university professors, municipal specialists, consultants, researchers, and environmental activists in Tehran, selected via purposive sampling using Cochran’s formula without N. Data were collected via a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (PLS3). The analysis encompassed measurement model assessments (reliability, validity) and structural model indices including R², Q², GoF, VIF, and significance levels (t-values).
Results
Temporal trend analysis of scientific publications from 1995 to 2024 reveals a marked increase in attention to green infrastructure, ecosystem services, and urban studies especially after 2005; for instance, articles on ecosystem services and cities rose from 3 in 2000 to 900 in 2024, and green infrastructure and cities from 2 to 580 articles. Although the triadic combination counts only 150 articles, its upward trend post-2010 indicates emerging integrative and interdisciplinary approaches. Co-authorship analysis identifies the United States as the global leader in scientific collaboration across all three domains, followed by Germany and the United Kingdom, whereas China, despite high publication volume, ranks lower in international collaboration. Countries such as Sweden, Italy, and the Netherlands also play active roles. Keyword co-occurrence analysis shows “ecosystem services” as a central and frequently linked term across domains, while keywords such as green infrastructure, green space, land use, climate change, and urbanization highlight increasing research focus on the interconnection between natural infrastructures and urban ecosystem functioning. Confirmatory factor analysis validated five components each for urban green infrastructure and ecosystem services with satisfactory reliability, validity, and factor loadings. Structural model indices (GoF=0.534, R²=0.486, Q²=0.586) indicate good model fit and explanatory power. All causal pathways from green infrastructure components to urban ecosystem services were statistically significant, with an overall effect coefficient of 5.441 (p<0.001).

Conclusion
In recent years, with the rapid expansion of urbanization and the rise of environmental challenges, the concepts of green infrastructure and ecosystem services have gained significant attention as key factors in enhancing urban sustainability. A temporal analysis of scientific publications from 1995 to 2023 indicates that the 2005 Millennium Ecosystem Assessment report marked a pivotal point, leading to a sharp increase in studies; for instance, articles related to ecosystem services and cities grew from 3 in 2000 to over 900 by 2024, with green infrastructure following a similar trajectory. This growth reflects the emergence and strengthening of interdisciplinary approaches linking green infrastructure and ecosystem services within urban contexts, especially after 2010. Co-authorship analysis reveals that the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom have been leading producers and collaborators, whereas China, despite high output, shows lower international cooperation. Keyword co-occurrence highlights ecosystem services, green spaces, and urban policy as dominant themes, with climate change primarily emphasized in green infrastructure studies. Existing research identifies gaps, such as insufficient focus on certain green infrastructure types and cultural services. Structural equation modeling in Tehran’s megacity study demonstrates that green infrastructure components—spatial networking, multifunctionality, strategic planning, ecological quality, and human well-being linkage—have significant positive effects on urban ecosystem services, consistent with international findings. Therefore, strategic, integrated development of green infrastructure alongside enhanced cultural and social awareness in urban management is essential, while acknowledging study limitations and recommending broader, deeper future research.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Meta-analysis
Urban Green Infrastructure
Urban Ecosystem Services
Urban Sustainability
Tehran Metropolis

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فضای شهری و حیات اجتماعی

فراتحلیل نقش زیرساخت‌های سبز بر پایداری خدمات اکوسیستم شهری در کلان‌شهرتهران

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 5، شماره 18
آبان 1405
صفحه 1-18

فراتحلیل نقش زیرساخت‌های سبز بر پایداری خدمات اکوسیستم شهری در کلان‌شهرتهران

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 5، شماره 18آبان 1405صفحه 1-18

دوره 5، شماره 18
آبان 1405
صفحه 1-18