Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Associated Professor of urban planning, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2 Urmia university
Abstract
Today, urban heat islands have become one of the most challenging topics in urban studies, and in addition to their primary impact on average temperatures, they can also have secondary effects on local climatic conditions. This phenomenon is mainly caused by excessive surface heating and heat retention, pollution emissions, human-induced warming, obstruction of wind circulation, and reduced evaporation and transpiration. This research, while addressing various aspects, has attempted to use the Landsat 8 sensor's distinct window algorithm, combining thermal bands 10 and 11 to obtain daytime land surface temperatures, and the MODIS sensor to obtain nighttime land surface temperatures. To determine the heat island areas in the city of Tabriz, two analyses were conducted: global and local spatial autocorrelation using Moran's I, and the hot spot analysis using Getis, both performed in ArcMap software. The maximum impact of the indicators was derived from multiple linear regression analysis in SPSS software. The results indicate that the highest daytime hot spots are in Region 6 around Tabriz Airport with a temperature of 27.27 degrees, while the highest nighttime temperature of 17.07 degrees was recorded in Region 3. According to the spatial analysis by Moran, both heat islands exhibited a clustered pattern. Areas lacking coverage formed the coolest surfaces at night, and the built environment had the least impact with a negative score of 0.897. The influencing factors on nighttime heat islands were found to be average building density and appropriate orientation.
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